Conclusion

The changing of the energy system has resulted in three signficant changes

Reduction of Demand
Reduction of  Electricity Prices
Reduction of CO2
System Comparison

Reduction of Demand

  1. By modelling the retrofitting of the residents’ houses to EnerPHit Standards and implementing a heat pump for space and water heating, it was shown that the energy demand of the housing in the village could be reduced by a factor of 3. This alone would reduce the CO2 emissions caused from the village by 4500 tonnes/year. 
  2. Switching all of the personal vehicles, council vehicles and commuter buses to EVs would reduce the energy demand for transport by a factor of 4. This would reduce the CO2 emissions from transport by 920 tonnes/year.
  3. Combining these demand reduction measures could reduce the energy demand of the entire village by 60%.

Reduction of Energy Prices

To meet the demand for the village, a private purchase agreement (PPA) between the hydro plant and the Kinlochleven community should be explored. By implementing 10 MWh of battery storage and a PPA, the village would be able to meet the entire future demand of the village by purchasing energy from the hydro when the wholesale price is low and releasing it as required. This would benefit: 


  1. The residents of the village by lowering the price of electricity
  2. The hydro company by increasing their sale price when demand is low
  3. The grid as a whole by reducing the peak demand

Reduced CO2 Emissions

By implementing all of the changes suggested in this project, Kinlochleven could become the “All-Electric Village”, powered entirely by renewables. This would reduce the CO2 emissions resulting from the village by over 6300 tonnes/year.

Interactive Results

Characteristics of the current and future energy systems are illustrated below. Explore the effects of take up rates for the retrofitting of housing and electrified transport, and the implementation of renewable generation and a PPA.

Current CO2 from Generation: 6300 tonnes/year

Future CO2 from Generation: 0 tonnes/year

Retrofit Take Up: 100%

Electrified Transport Take Up: 100%

PPA

School/Mamores PV

Tailrace Hydro