We have considered an insulated, heavyweight building with shaded south facing glazing and high albedo external surfaces.
Demand reduction measures (use of thermal mass/ ambient cooling - 5ach during summer nights/ shading) are applied in order to achieve a cooling demand of 3.6kWh/m2.
Heating demand is eliminated via MVHR and passive solar gains.
Switching controls off leads to a maximum indoor temperatures of 29°C which could be considered acceptable for a short period of time.
Our system includes a hybrid combination of PV, solar collectors with a small direct electric heating coil.
PV installation consists of 12 panels which require an area of 15m2 on a 30° pitched roof and provides a 2.1 kW power output (not viable without adequate feed-in tariff).
Solar collectors cover 87% of DHW demand and require an area of 3 m2.
Small-wind is not adequate due to low capacity factor.
Ground duct ventilation has been investigated but not applied due to economical viability.
Seasonal storage is not applicable.