| |  | |
The Capture and Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide | | |
 Storage Cost
To be stored, CO2 has to be compressed (to 110 bar), transported from the point of capture and injected
into the storage reservoir. Compression typically
accounts for about a quarter of the overall energy consumption and cost. The IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D
Programme has estimated that storage in deep
saline reservoirs, in depleted oil and gas fields and in the deep ocean would cost US$1-3 per tonne
of CO2, excluding the cost of CO2 transport. The cost
of pipeline transport is estimated to be ~US$1-3 per tonne of CO2 for a distance of 100km. The overall
cost of CO2 transport and storage, assuming a
transport distance of 300km, would therefore be ~US$8 per tonne of CO2 stored, equivalent to ~US$10
per tonne of CO2 emissions avoided (table
above). The overall cost of capture and storage would be ~US$40-60 per tonne of CO2 emissions avoided.
This compares favourably with the costs of
other options for achieving large reductions in emissions. In some cases (eg EOR), the income generated
by enhanced production would partially offset the
cost of capture and storage.
|
The Economics of Capture and
Sequestration